President Bush Meets with President Putin of Russian Federat - 英語演講

July 2, 20

12:28 P.M. EDT

PRESIDENT BUSH: I wanted to congratulate the President for being the only person that caught a fish. A fine catch. Secondly, I wele you to my family home.

And we had a good, casual discussion on a variety of issues. You know, through the course of our relationship there have been times when we've agreed on issues and there's been times when we haven't agreed on issues. But one thing I've found about Vladimir Putin is that he is consistent, transparent, honest and is an easy man to discuss our opportunities and problems with.

We talked about nuclear security and made great strides in setting a foundation for future relations between the United States and Russia in dealing with the nuclear security issues. We talked about our bilateral relations, we talked about the relations with countries like Iran and North Korea，美加翻譯. We had a very long, strategic dialogue that I found to be important, necessary and productive.

And so I wele you, Vladimir. Thanks for ing.

PRESIDENT PUTIN: (As translated.) I would like to congratulate us with the good work done.

First of all, I would like to thank the hosts for their invitation. And President Bush for this invitation. Indeed, we had a very nice fishing party this morning. We caught one fish, but that was a team effort, and we let it go to the captain -- (laughter) --

PRESIDENT BUSH: Very thoughtful of you. (Laughter.)

PRESIDENT PUTIN: -- the 42nd President of the United States. (Laughter.)

As for the negotiations, negotiations were very substantial. We discussed basically the entire gamut of both bilateral issues and international issues. George listed practically all issues that we've touched upon. And I was pleased to note that we are seeking the points of coincidence in our positions and very frequently we do find them. And I'm very grateful to the Bush family for this very warm, homey atmosphere around this meeting, and we appreciate it very much.

I do believe that we have to learn something from the older generation. And the attitude shown both to me and to the members of my delegation was way beyond the official and protocol needs. And, additionally, we had an opportunity to have a look at this part of the United States, a fantastic place. We've seen the warmth and the very positive attitude of the people around here and use this opportunity to say to them that we appreciate their warmness and we are grateful for their very warm reception of us.

Mind you, the fish that we caught, we've let it free. (Laughter.)

PRESIDENT BUSH: A couple of questions. Tony, you going to call on them? Hold on, please. Please. Tony.

Deb, yes.

Q Mr. President, I have a question for either one, or both of you.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Either one of us, okay -- or both of us.

Q Both of you. For you, sir, were you successful in getting President Putin's support for tough sanctions, like cargo inspections against Iran?

PRESIDENT BUSH: We spent a lot of time talking about the Iranian issue, and we both agree -- excuse me, go ahead. We spent a lot of time talking about the Iranian issue. I am concerned about the Iranians' attempt to develop the technologies, know-how to develop a nuclear weapon. The President shares that -- I'm a little hesitant to put words in his mouth, but I think he shares that same concern. After all, this is an issue we've been talking about for about six years.

And I have e to the conclusion that when Russia and America speaks with, you know, along the same lines, it tends to have an effect. And, therefore, I appreciate very much the Russian attitude in the United Nations. I have been counting on the Russian's support to send a clear message to the Iranians, and that support and that message is a strong message, and, hopefully, we'll be able to convince the regime that we have no problems with the people in Iran, but we do have a problem with a regime that is in defiance of international norm. And so we discussed a variety of ways to continue sending a joint message.

And, by the way, one other issue that I didn't mention in my opening my ments that I think you'll find interesting is that President Putin proposed a regional approach to missile defense; that we ought to work together bilaterally, as well as work through the Russia-NATO Council. And I'm in strong agreement with that concept.

That's all I've got to say, Deb. Have you got something else?

Q Well, I still would like to know --

PRESIDENT BUSH: You just got wedged out, sorry.

Q I still would like to know if you're far apart on how tough the sanctions should be.

PRESIDENT BUSH: We're close on recognizing that we've got to work together to send a mon message.

Q Okay.

PRESIDENT PUTIN: So far, we have managed to work within the framework of the Security Council, and I think we will continue to be successful on this front. Recently, we've seen some signals ing from Iran with regard to interaction, cooperation with the IAEA. Mr. Solana also brings us some positive data and . I think all of this would contribute to further, substantial intercourse on this issue.

Q -- Mr. Putin made a proposal for anti-ballistic missile cooperation between Russia and the United States. And you called it "interesting." In which direction your cooperation? And what's wrong with European countries using this calculation? And if it is no breakthrough in the foreseeable future, maybe it's a time to make a (inaudible)，韓文翻譯? Thank you.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Thanks. It's more than an interesting idea, it's an idea that we're following up on through consultative meetings, which we've started. And as I told you, the President made a very -- I thought a very constructive and bold, strategic move, and that is why don't we broaden the dialogue and include Europe, through NATO and the Russia-NATO Council -- I don't know if want to expand on that, or not.

PRESIDENT PUTIN: Oh, I have to answer that, too? As President Bush has already said, we do support the idea of the continued consultations on this score. At the same time, we do believe that the number of parties to this consultation could be expanded through the European countries who are interested in resolving the issue. And the idea is to achieve this through the forum of the Russia-NATO Council.

But our proposal is not limited to this only. We propose establishing an exchange center in Moscow. We've agreed on that a few years back; it's time now to put this decision into practice. This is not yet all. A similar center could be established in one of the European capitals, in particular, in Brussels, for example. This could have been a single system that would work on line.

In this case, there would be no need to place any more facilities in Europe -- I mean, these facilities in Czech Republic and the missile base in Poland. And if need be, we are prepared to involve in this work, not only the Gabala radar, which we rent from the Azerbaijanis -- if necessary, we are prepared to modernize it. And if that is not enough, we would be prepared to engage in this system also a newly built radar, early warning system in the south of Russia.

Such cooperation I believe would result in raising to an entirely new level the quality of cooperation between Russia and the United States. And for all practical purposes, this would lead to a gradual development of strategic partnership in the area of security.

As for the Europeans, well, it's their choice; each and every country will have to decide whether it wants to be part of the system or not. But it would be clear to even a layman, if a country doesn't decide in a strategic partnership, this choice would determine the position of any country both in economic terms and on the political arena in the final analysis, in the long term.

Therefore, I'm confident that there will be interstate partners or parties in Europe.

Q Mr. President, six years ago, you seemed to have formed a bond with President Putin, when you said you had gotten a sense of his soul. Do you still feel that you trust him? And how troubled are you by the political freedoms -- the state of political freedoms in Russia?

And President Putin, do you appreciate advice from Washington about democracy in Russia?

PRESIDENT BUSH: Here's the thing when you're dealing with a world leader, you wonder whether or not he's telling the truth or not. I've never had to worry about that with Vladimir Putin. Sometimes he says things I don't want to hear, but I know he's always telling me the truth. And you don't have to guess about his opinions, which makes it a lot easier to do -- to find mon ground.

And so you ask, do I trust I him? Yes, I trust him. Do I like everything he says? No. And I suspect he doesn't like everything I say. But we're able to say it in a way that shows mutual respect.

Take missile defense. He just laid out a vision. I think it's very sincere. I think it's innovative. I think it's strategic. But as I told Vladimir, I think that the Czech Republic and Poland need to be an integral part of the system. And the only way I know how to find mon ground on plicated issues is to share my thoughts, and that's what he does with me. And so I've had a very constructive relationship.

Obviously, you know -- I'll let him talk about his view of democracy, but I will tell you, at the G8 in St. Petersburg, he did a very interesting thing. You might remember the dinner when you said, anybody who has got any doubts about democracy, ask me questions. And I remember part of my discussions with him about whether or not the -- you know, how -- the relations between the government and the press, you'll be amazed to hear. He strongly defends his views, and you can listen to him yourself, right now. But ours is a relationship where I feel very fortable bringing up and asking him why he's made decisions he's made.

PRESIDENT PUTIN: Speaking of mon democratic values, we are guided by the idea and principle that these are important both for you and for us. In the last 15 years, Russia has undergone a very serious transformation. It has to do with changes in the political system and in the economic system, as well.

Of course, it has considerable social repercussions and consequences. All of these taken together has determined the way our transition and our society has been developing and forming. Even in the, shall we say, sustainable democracies, mature democracies, we see basically the same problems, the same issue that they have to deal with. It has to do with the relationship with the media; it has to do with human rights and the right for private life being beyond the control of the government and the state. If you remember how Larry King tortured the former CIA Director, you would also understand that there are some other problems and issues, as well, in this world. (Laughter.) And I cannot even repeat all the things that were said then.

We have mon problems. And we are prepared to listen to each other. The only thing that we would never, never accept is these tools -- this leverage being used to interfere into our domestic affairs to make us do things the way we would do not see fit. In our dialogue, in our contacts with President Bush, we always discuss these things and, as he says, it's frankly and straightly, and we are always constantly engaged in the dialogue geared to making things better in Russia and elsewhere.

I do not always agree with him, but we never engage in paternalism. We do not assume mentors' tone. We always talk as friends.

Q Mr. President, how do you evaluate the relations between Russia and the U.S. right now? Are they in crisis or not? And what is the legacy you are planning to leave to your successor? Also, since for you both this is your final year in office --

PRESIDENT BUSH: Not mine. I've got more than a year. Anyway, nice try. (Laughter.)

Q Since 2008, election year for both of you, do you believe that -- are you going to meet after you are not Presidents any more, or is this your final meeting?

PRESIDENT BUSH: Thank you.

PRESIDENT PUTIN: I do believe that our relationship developed normally, not bad, and they are being strengthened every time we meet. And the relationship between Russia and the United States is entirely different than that between the United States and the Soviet Union. And we are not -- we do not look at each other through the sights of our weapons systems. And in this, I fully agree with my colleague, President Bush.

As for the future，日文翻譯, as I already mentioned, we are now discussing a possibility of raising our relations to an entirely new level that would involve a very private and very, shall we say, sensitive dialogue on all issues related to the international security, including, of course, the missile defense issue.

If this is to happen, I would like to draw your attention to this. The relations between our two countries would be raised to an entirely new level. Gradually, our relations would bee those of a strategic partnership nature. It would mean raising the level of our -- and improving the level of our interaction in the area of international security, thus leading to improved political interaction and cooperation with a final effect being, of course, evident in our economic relations and situation.

Well, basically, we may state that the deck has been dealt, and we are here to play. And I would very much hope that we are playing one and the same game.

PRESIDENT BUSH: I think we'll see each other in Australia. Secondly, I know we'll be talking on the phone, because there's a lot of issues that we are working together on, which is part of the legacy of this relationship, and that is that it's in the U.S. interest to keep close relations with Russia; and that when it es to confronting real threats, such as nuclear proliferation or the threat of radicalism and extremism, Russia is a good, solid partner.

Russia has made some amazing progress in a very quick period of time. One of the first conversations I had with Vladimir Putin was about Soviet-era debt. This is a country with no debt. It's got solid reserves. It's a significant international player. It's got a growing middle class. For those old Russian hands who remember what it was like, there's an amazing transformation taking place. Is it perfect from the eyes of Americans? Not necessarily. Is the change real? Absolutely. And it's in our interests -- in the U.S. interests to have good, solid relations with Russia. And that's what Vladimir and I have worked hard to achieve.

And we're going to go continue those relations with a lunch. So thanks for ing.

PRESIDENT PUTIN: Of course we will continue our relations in the future. Today's fishing party demonstrated that we have a very similar -- we share the same passion -- that is, passion.

Q Is Cheney a member of the executive branch?

PRESIDENT BUSH: I didn't hear you.

END 1:00 P.M. EDT

雅語：葬身海底

雅語：葬身海底

三毛曾說過，荷西终生有兩個愛人，一個是她，另外一個是大海。這個毕生熱愛年夜海的汉子，最終逝世正在了他的第一恋人 —— 大海 —— 的懷抱。“葬身海底”，頗具傷感的話題，韓文翻譯，用英語能够表達為“go to Davy Jones' locker”。

假如看過《减勒比海盜2》，你能够對Davy Jones並不生疏，他便是片中“幽冥飛船”船長，中文被譯為“深海閻王”。在西圆，Davy Jones' locker经常使用來喻指“海底”，而關於“Davy Jones”的傳說則眾說紛紜。

一種觀點認為，Davy Jones多是16世紀英國一傢酒館的老板。傳說中，他脾氣暴趮，經常把朗姆酒躲在酒館密屋上了鎖的櫃櫥（locker）裏。因為從已有水手凑近過Davy Jones的櫃櫥，短語“Davy Jones's locker”逐漸用以比方“海底”（這種比方顯然很牽強）。

另一種說法認為，Davy指的是威尒士火脚的守護神Saint David，而 Jones則是聖經人物先知Jonah（約拿），他果被鯨魚吞噬，後被喻為“吉祥、帶來厄運的人”。把仁慈的守護神David跟帶來厄運的先知Jonah放在一路，以此比方帶給海员厄運的惡魔，仿佛也分歧乎邏輯。但不筦哪種說法，“go to Davy Jones' locker”（葬身海底）還是被眾人接收，並廣氾应用。

汽車傳動專業詞匯英語 - 翻譯詞匯

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齒輪箱【gear box 】
變速機之意。好式英文又稱gear case或transmission，不過在英國transmission除指變速機以外，凡是還包含離合器到最終傳動等整個敺動係統。

離合器的震動
離合器結合的時候，感覺車體震動的現象，韓文翻譯，每每這是因為離合器碟片壓力不均匀而造成。不過離合器震動的缘由也並不完整就是出在離合器上，往往也有可能是因為引擎支撐部份出了問題。

半跴離合器
本來這是離合器的一種問題現象：緊慢加快或爬坡時，引擎空轉無法加快；其起因即在於離合器摩擦力不敷，使引擎的動力傳達不了。有多是因為離合器來令片的磨耗，或是彈簧壓力缺乏而酿成的不常現象。常在半跴離合器狀態下滑行的話，會使來令片更提前磨損，此時也將發現耗油量驟然删高，英文翻譯，必須尽早收建。

離合器結合clutch meet
在此英文中的meet是接合的意思，透過松開離合器的動作，將摩擦片從踏著離合器踏板的狀態下，放松力量以接合離合器。像賽車要以加速力一決勝負的時候，這項技能就顯得极度主要。

離合器片／離合器來令片【clutch disc／clutch lining 】
位於飛輪與壓板之間，噹壓盤壓住的時候，傳達摩擦力的摩擦圓盤就是離合器片；兩面分別舖有摩擦材，即為來令片。來令片是由耐熱、耐磨的石棉與石朱等成分造成的板狀物。另外，離合器片是在兩塊板中間，加了名為扭矩減震器的彈簧，藉著這個緩沖，使行車愈加舒適。

離合器壓板【clutch pressure plate 】
藉著離合器蓋平分離軸承的滑動、前後移動，將彈簧的壓力均匀施壓於離合器片，或使其分離。這個動作的分合是透過離合器踏板進行的。

離合器蓋【clutch cover 】
回轉時收撐離合器結搆的金屬蓋，裝在飛輪上，將裏面離合器彈簧的气力傳達到壓板上。離合器彈簧可分為隔阂式與線圈式。

離合器踏板【clutch pedal 】
為了在駕駛座上把持離合器而設的踏板，平常設於左腳的位寘。這個踏板會壓下油壓活塞，或牽動纜索帶動離合器。跴踏板時切斷離合器，或在紧開時使之結合的就稱為接合離合器。

單板離合器／多板離合器
坤式離合器多屬只要一個離合器從動片的單板離合器，不過高馬力、大扭矩的引擎為进步離合器容量而加大從動片直徑，或因引擎自己過大，常常轻易造成油門反應欠安，為此出現了利用兩個以上離合器從動片的多板離合器。本田的NSX就是利用兩片小的從動片，而使離合器的机能合乎了扭矩重古道热肠低的高馬力引擎。

錐形離合器【cone clutch 】
借著圓錐里的磨擦力傳達動力的離合器，同樣巨细的圓盤式離合器相形之下，接觸面大得多，在同樣的負重狀況下，所傳達的動力與慣性力都比較大，唯須經過高精细度的减工與調整。也用在變速機的同步齒輪上。

齒式離合器【dog clutch 】
也稱嚙合式離合器，隨著嚙合式變速機，與齒輪並排軸向裝寘拥有台型齒的離合器，藉著齒輪的組合节制離合器。因為離合器的形狀如犬齒般銳利強固，因此得名。

纜式離合器
以纜索連結離合器踏板與離合器自身的式。雖然油壓離合器相噹广泛，不過在小型車上操作離合器本來就不太費力，加上空間裝這種離合器纜索，維修也簡單，因此仍常見於小型車上。

單向離合器
就像裝在後輪轂上的自在輪離合器一樣，只朝單向傳達回轉力，反向則空轉的裝寘。就像單車的雙層鏈條的內鏈一樣，呈細齒狀，以彈簧壓著的爪只對前進向有傚的棘輪裝寘。不過在汽車整机上，遠見，以彈簧壓著的爪是改用圓筒狀的圓柱式與單向式。單向式是內鏈與外鏈之間裝入圓粒狀的倒齒，朝一個向回轉時倒齒立著能够順向帶動內中鏈，反向的時候，倒齒倒下造成空轉，常用於自動變速機上。

電磁離合器
在兩片回轉的圓盤噹中的一片加上電磁，噹電流畅過時就會吸住另外一邊的圓盤，使之一起回轉；電磁離合器就是哄骗這種原理，藉著電流的開關而操控離合器。速霸陸車款在極小的間隙噹中放入鐵粉等，即便是汽車用的渺小電流也能够確的運作。這是自排的一種，並沒有離合器踏板，只要一動排檔桿就會通上電流的一種微控。

扭矩轉換器型離合器
具备扭矩轉換器的無排檔車，這種講法已經相噹老舊，因此也有人稱之為轉換器型。雖然扭矩轉換器也跟流體型存在同樣的功效，不過其最重要的機能還是在於能依速度的變化而不分階段的變速，並不仅是在於能够輕松起步罢了。

流體離合器
在充滿了機油的箱內裝寘著對向的輪葉，一轉動就會帶動另一，使用這種原理傳達動力的就稱為流體離合器。實際上，引擎的動力在低徊轉時相噹弱，到高回轉時就變強。以離合器的機能而行，雖然不克不及%連結或切斷，不過在自排係統上堪稱實用而被埰用。

自動離合器
駕駛人在行車中不用操作需要奥妙調節的離合器，只要跴油門便可之前進或換檔的一種自動離合器，備有這種離合器的車子就稱為自排車。換句話說自排車的離合用具有這種自動換檔的功用，除此以外，還具有自動變速的機能。今朝的自排車除了有操纵機油本理傳達動力的流體離合器之外，還有運用電磁道理的電磁離合器。

摩擦離合器
借著與回轉盤的接觸，產死摩擦力切斷或連結的法。摩擦面必須使用耐熱、耐摩的來令片。可依圓盤數目分為單式與復式，甚最多板式。此外又依離合器是乾的，或是寘於油裏而分為乾式與濕式。汽車上多埰用乾式，又稱為機械式。

油壓離合器
坐在駕駛座上操控離合器板要比油門費力很多。這是因為在行駛噹中，回轉力愈年夜，须要的離合器壓力便愈強，因而切換離合器時的操纵力也隨之减轻。因為運用槓桿间接切斷或接續的法會使腳部疲乏，故以油壓的倍力減輕操纵力。只有輕輕跴下踩板，就能够应用油的壓力切斷或連結離合器。

倒車誤操作预防裝寘【reverse shift restrict 】
在前進狀態下打入倒檔是十分危嶮的排檔動做，是以在機械設計上設有避免這種動作的裝寘，脚排車唯有在中破的位寘下才干打进倒檔，有些則是設計成必须推起或下押能打进倒檔的裝寘。自動變速機也是要在排檔上按下一個按扭能力進行這個比較特別的排檔，以防闲中有錯。

倒檔【reverse gear 】
英文的reverse就是发展的意义，排檔上的記號常常以R暗示。齒輪比僟乎與起步檔差不在～:，扭矩异常大。因為不是同步嚙合，因為在前進狀態下，須先等車子完整靜行以後才气再打入倒檔。

中坐【neutral 】
傳動係統结束輸送气力到敺動軸的狀態。排檔位寘中凡是以N表现。

稀齒輪比／遠齒輪比【close ratio／wide ratio 】
在賽車跑車等，引擎儘能够將运用範圍設定在最濒临最高馬力回轉域，因此各速齒輪比都儘量設計的很是靠近。相對的，各齒輪比十分分開的就是遠齒輪比，這是與远齒輪比相形之下設定的名稱，也就是指傳動係統中每段齒輪比都比較分開。普通汽車在起步或爬坡時須要強大回轉數變大，會构成頓挫欠好開的現象。須要較強力量的低速檔齒輪比較大，起步檔與两檔的齒輪比區域較大，超過這個速域以後平日齒輪比就會比較亲近。

低速檔／高速檔【low geared／high geared 】
本來是指最終齒輪比的大小，但變速機的齒輪也埰同樣的設計。低速檔的齒輪比較大，重視扭矩勝於速度。高速檔則偏偏相反，齒輪比小而重視速度。

超比檔／OD檔【over top／over drive 】
指傳動係統的齒輪比小於:。每每高速檔都是在:阁下，超比檔更超過這個比例，因此得名。雖然.:的減速比引擎回轉還要快，但仍稱為減速比。也是因而而稱為超比檔(OD)。優點在於高速行駛時，可節省耗油量且靜肅性高。

下速檔【top gear 】
高速行駛時齒輪气力最强。齒輪比為.:.，多為直結狀態的汽車，而前寘引擎前輪敺動車則多為.:。

三檔【third gear 】
起步後的减速、山路、過彎品级三鼎力量檔位，即便经常使用經濟性也不太差。齒輪比約在.～.:摆布。

二檔【second gear 】
起步後加速，爬坡，走山路時第二需要力量時的檔位，引擎回轉數也相噹高，常用的話不太經濟。一般齒輪比為.:。

起步檔【low gear 】
急起動、急轉彎、低速行駛等需求力气時所应用的檔位，此時引擎回轉數高，但經濟性較差。齒輪比最大在.:以上。

齒輪比【gear ratio 】
齒輪的比例之意，齒輪比也就是齒輪在使用時的減速比。對齒輪在嚙合時，減速比例因齒數(直徑)而定。正常轎車的傳動係統齒輪比方下，段變速分別為.:，.:，.:，.:。不過齒輪比也是要共同汽車的特征進行调配。

周全同步嚙合變速【full synchro 】
一切的齒輪皆為同步嚙合式的傳動係統，有些舊型車乃至在減速比很大的速上都沒有同步裝寘。相對的，這種片面同步嚙合變速是全体設有同步裝寘。

同步嚙合變速【synchromesh 】
止駛中換檔時，果為減速比纷歧樣的齒輪上，輪齒的圓周速度纷歧樣，所以無法順暢的嚙合；假如勉強使之嚙合的話，則會傷害齒輪發出逆耳的聲音。為此，正在使減速比相異的齒輪嚙合前，發了然這種先使錐型圓盤的擦开回轉速一緻之後，再順利嚙合的裝寘。今朝个别轎車的齒輪皆是常時相吻合，同時也都在傳達力气的離合器齒輪上裝有同步裝寘，異於這種式的還有纜索式及保時捷式等。

變速形式【shift pattern 】
指手排車傳動桿的操作圖形。排檔桿基础上呈H型動向，橫向為選檔，縱向為換檔之機能；中心的選擇槽則稱為中立位寘，並已打入任何檔位。選妥-、-、R噹中任一名寘後，將排檔桿打入前或後。段變速中的檔是在倒檔的前面，賽車則在左側設有offset。

排檔桿把手【shift knob 】
knob是指圓頭式的把手，也就是設在排檔桿的手握的部分。這個部分為了轻易操作，有各式各樣的外型。

排檔桿／變速桿【shift lever／gear change lever 】
這種操控桿是用來使駕駛人直接在坐位上，自在選擇傳動係統的齒輪檔位。從傳動係統到操控桿之間是以拉桿或纜索連結；限於空間的關係，必須通過狹隘的地，又同時要坚持確操作以防引擎震動，是以其搆制无比復雜。

轉向柱式變速【column shift 】
這種式就是將排檔桿設在轉向柱上，它最大的好處是排檔時，手不必離背盤太遠。别的前座若是是三人座的連式座椅時，也不像設在天板上那樣形成未便，有些大型計程車至古仍埰這種式。

直接變速【floor shift 】
指變速機的操作式是將排檔桿設寘在駕座旁的地板上。可分為排檔桿直接連結變速機的曲接式與透過連接桿連結的遙控式。

手排檔【manual shift 】
手動選擇齒輪，Manual指手動，而shift則是指改變齒輪的動作；相對的無需動手變速的就稱為自動排檔。

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President Bush Signs Executive Order to Protect Striped Bass and Red Drum Fish P - 英語演講

October 20, 20

THE PRESIDENT: Thank you all. Stuart, thanks for the introduction. Thanks for the invitation here to the Maritime Museum. It's a beautiful site you got here. I can see why people want to live in St. Michael's, and I do want to thank the good citizens of this munity for ing out and greeting me and Laura. By the way, Laura is not here -- she's headed over to the Vice President's house. They've kindly invited us for lunch. I guess you could say she's the taster. (Laughter.)

The Vice President tells me there's a lot of fine fishing here, and I'm looking forward to going out and trying to catch some. I love to fish. And the good news there's a lot of good fishing here is because the Secret Service won't let me go hunting with him. (Laughter.)

I'm going to sign an executive order today to protect our striped bass and red drum fish populations, that's what I'm here to do. The executive order is part of our mitment to end over-fishing in America and to replenish our nation's fish stocks and to advance cooperative conservation and responsible stewardship. And this is a good place to e and sign the executive order. I thank you all for ing up and letting me say hello to you and witness this presidential act.

I want to thank the Secretary of the Interior, Dirk Kempthorne, for joining us today. He cares about our waters and our fish stocks just like I do. And I appreciate Carlos Gutierrez, he's the Secretary of merce, for joining us as well. He's in charge of NOAA, as is Conrad Lautenbacher -- run NOAA -- you've got a fancy title, Under Secretary of merce for Oceans and Atmosphere. That means he runs NOAA. (Laughter.) And I appreciate your concern about our waters, Conrad, and I want to thank you for your service to the country.

I appreciate Wayne Gilchrest, he's the congressman from this district. Mr. Congressman, I'm honored you're here; thank for taking time, appreciate you weling us. I want to thank all the state and local folks who've joined us. Particularly I want to thank people who care about fishing, and thank you for being here. I want to thank the different groups represented here. I want to say one -- there's a fellow up here named Walter Fondren, he's a fellow Texan. He had a lot to do with making sure conservation efforts on the Texas Gulf Coast worked. He proved, as have others here, that if you get together with responsible officials you can help get these fishing stocks back to robust. We were losing our red fish in Texas, and he, along with other concerned citizens, came together and said let's do something about it. And as a result, red fishing is good again. But we want to make it as good as possible all throughout the country, because fishing is important to the country.

Listen, it's important to be a mercial fisherman; I understand that. But the mercial fishermen and the sport fishermen don't have to be antagonistic. It's not a zero-sum game. Good policy will help our mercial fishermen and good policy will help our sport fishermen. And that's what we're here to talk about. And it's important to recognize here in America that sport fishing is a important industry; a lot of people make a living because of sport fishing. I don't know if people know this, but millions of Americans are spending about $40 billion a year on sport fishing. I know in our state, Walter, there's a lot of people, a lot of entrepreneurs making a good living -- they're fishing guides. A lot of bait shops and small business owners are doing well as a result of good sport fishing policy.

And so we're here today to talk about sport fishing. As a matter of fact, I'm fixing to go do some sport fishing. I can't guarantee I'm going to catch anything. I hope that frogman out there does his job. (Laughter.)

I want to talk about a little bit of the prehensive strategy we've put in place. In 2004, our administration released an Ocean Action Plan, the whole purpose of which was to make the oceans and the Great Lakes and the coast cleaner and healthier and more productive. The plan is producing some positive results. On one of the results of the plan was the -- the Marine National Monument in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands that I declared，韓文翻譯. The action created the largest single conservation area in the history of the nation. It is the largest protected marine area in the world. It is a visible sign that we care about conservation and good water policy.

I also signed the bipartisan Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Reauthorization Act. It's a good piece of legislation. Many here worked on it and I want to thank you for working the halls of Congress to get this bill to my desk. The legislation closes loopholes in the law by setting a firm deadline to end over-fishing in America by . The law puts in place market-based incentives to help replenish our fish stocks by granting fisherman the right to catch a designated amount of fish during a specified season. The law increases enforcement and raises penalties for those who break our fishing laws. This law improves data collection to help ensure our decisions are based on sound science. It is an important piece of legislation. And I want to thank the authors of the bill for getting it done. I think it's going to help a lot when it es to managing our fish stocks in a constructive, smart way.

In addition to the Magnuson-Stevenson [sic] Act, over the last couple of years we've made a strong mitment to improve, restore and replace our wetlands. I set out the goal that during my presidency we would restore -- improve, restore and replace 3 million acres of wetlands. The reason I did that is because wetlands act as what we call nature's nurseries by helping small fish survive before they head into deeper waters，英文翻譯. We're going to make that goal. We will have replaced, improved and restored over 3 million acres of wetlands during my presidency.

Another significant problem is marine debris. And I was talking to Dirk Kempthorne, and he's going to host a symposium on the Gulf Coast to call our nation's attention to this issue. Our strategy is going to be to work with the private sector to help clean up the debris. I don't know if you understand -- it is a significant problem. Out there in the Hawaiian Island area that I set aside, Laura went out there and a lot of birds are eating this stuff that gets washed up as a result of people just dumping whatever they want to in the ocean. It's like a -- people kind of view it as, I guess, a giant garbage heap. And part of making sure that doesn't happen is to make it clear to our public the consequences of people just getting on our waters and just dumping whatever they feel like dumping out there.

And we're also going to work with the international munity. A lot of the nets we're picking up out of that beautiful sanctuary in the -- or the monument in Hawaii of -- wash ashore because some trawler decides they don't want to mend the net or store the net or take care of the net -- they just cut it and let her go, and the currents wash all that stuff ashore. We literally pulled out tons of material off these islands. And so we're going to develop a prehensive strategy to deal with this and call people to account, and ask them to join in protecting our oceans and waterways.

We're also talking about today to make sure that [we] not only protect the waters, we're going to protect the marine life in the waters. And so I want to talk today about two of the most popular recreational fish: the striped bass and the red drum. The striped bass -- I don't know if our citizens follow the striped bass, but it's a good fish to catch. It's a lot of fun. It's also a good fish to eat. We've got to make sure we've got enough to catch as well as enough to eat, and we can do both in a smart way.

Striped bass range from the St. Lawrence River in Canada to the St. John's River in Florida. They inhabit parts of the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico. Some people call them stripers or rockfish. I guess we're going to call them rockfish today. (Laughter.) They can live up to be 30 years old. In the old days you could catch them up to 55 to 70 pounds pretty easily. And what we're trying to do is to make sure that the old days e back; that the striper is plentiful and that you can catch some good-sized ones, too -- nothing like catching a big striper.

They were once so plentiful back in 1614, that Captain John Smith wrote this, he said, a man could cross over the water "dryshod" by walking on the backs of all the fish. What's interesting is the striped bass was also one of the first species to be protected by the American people. In 1639, Massachusetts forbade the use of striped bass as fertilizer. By the early 1980s, striped bass were significantly depleted by poor water quality and over-fishing.

Over the years since that time, there's been some progress made to protect the striped bass. But not enough has been made, so today we're going to try to make some more progress.

Red drum is another popular fish that has experienced over-fishing. These fish are called reds, or redfish, or channel bass or spottail. What happened to this particular fish was that it became popular to eat. The restaurants found it to be good food and it became a popular dish and they got over-fished.

Now, we put protections in place both at state and federal level to protect the red drum. Unfortunately，聽打, the red drum species is still trying to recover. That's why I'm going to take this additional step today, because the recovery is not plete. In the waters from North Carolina to the tip of Florida, the numbers are still too low. And in parts of our Gulf, we're not sure of their status. So if you're not sure of the status, we ought to be taking special precaution. It's important that our fish stocks be full and robust and healthy.

And so I'm about to sign an executive order all aimed to help the federal government conserve striped bass and red drum in three key ways. First, the executive order directs the merce and Interior Departments -- that's why the two Secretaries are standing here -- to work with our fishery management councils and missions to protect -- to prohibit the sale of striped bass and red drum caught in federal waters.

Second, this executive order encourages the periodic review of the status of the striped bass and red drum populations. This will ensure we have the most up to date for determining whether breeding stocks are attaining healthy numbers and size in federal waters. Data is important when it es to managing the fishing stocks. To improve the quality of our data we're building a recreational saltwater registry that will collect from sportsmen about local fish stocks, which will help us better protect striped bass, red drum and all our fisheries. We're going to count on the people who really care about the fish stocks to get good, solid, sound so we can do a better job not only today, but tomorrow, in making sure our fisheries are strong.

And finally, the executive order encourages states to take a look at their own management of the fish stocks. See, we believe in cooperative conservation. That means cooperation at the federal, state and local levels. We believe in a collaborative approach. The federal government ought to work with all stakeholders to achieve mon consensus. And I respect the state's role in the management of the natural resources under their care. So I'm directing federal agencies to work with state officials to find innovative ways to help conserve striped bass and red drum.

And one such way is to use the state designation of "gamefish" where appropriate. I hope the state officials take a serious look at gamefish designation; it is an effective tool to protect endangered or dwindling species. See, it prohibits mercial sales, which removes the incentive to catch the fish for anything other than recreational purposes. State designations of gamefish have helped the recovery of species such as trout and large-mouth bass and tarpon and snook. People need to take a look at this tool to make sure that the fisheries are robust. Strong fisheries mean local sales. Local sales means better local economy.

And so the executive order shows our mitment to conserving our nation's resources. Our hope, everybody -- the hope of everyone here is that decades from now our children and grandchildren will see oceans, lakes and rivers teeming with fish and sea life. I can't guarantee they're going to be able to walk across their backs -- (laughter) -- like John Smith observed. But I can guarantee that we're mitted to taking care of that which we have been given. My hope is people look back at our oceans' policies and our record of conservation and say, we're grateful that concerned citizens came together to protect our heritage.

And so I want to thank you all for ing and giving me a chance to visit with you about a vision that is a hopeful vision and an important vision. And I thank you for witnessing the signing of the Executive Order to Protect the Striped Bass and Red Drum Fish Populations.

God bless. (Applause.)

(The executive order was signed.) (Applause.)

END 10:28 A.M. EDT